Since the 2000s, Algeria has implemented a strategy to develop its dairy sectorbased on the large-scale importation of high-yield dairy cows. This study aimed to assess the productive and reproductive performance of three genetic types (Holstein, Montbéliarde, Fleckvieh) introduced in the Upper Chellif Plain in north Algeria. From October 2017 to May 2019, 146 dairy cows (9 farms), were selected for lactation monitoring and evaluation the reproductive parameters: calving interval, calving to first insemination, calving to fertile insemination, fertility index, and success rate at first insemination. The results showed that 32.3% of cows were reformed through sales or uncontrolled slaughter. At the first insemination, only 24% of the herd became pregnant, while 35% of the cows required three or more artificial inseminations to achieve pregnancy. High fertility index (Fl>2.2) was recorded for the three type of breeds. The three cattle breeds had similar calving intervals, averaging 353 days. Holstein breed displayed lower lactation performances, with an average milk yield of 3707 kg for the 305-day of lactation period. These results provided an overview of the production and reproductive performances of imported cows in the plain of Upper Cheliff and highlighted the deficiencies of the dairy production system employed by public authorities. The main challenges facing the dairy industry in the study region are the instability and inadequate breeding conditions. We recommend implementing a renewed and modern dairy production system that integrates both imported and local cow breeds.