The challenges related to obesity and depression are enormous for people and health systems across the world. These are two major health problems whose relationship has been shown, through multiple studies, to be complex and two-dimensional. Thus, the objective of our study is to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of depression in Moroccan adults given the lack of data relating to this subject in our context.We analyzed data from the Beck Depression Test Inventory: IDB) among 134 respondents to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of depression. BMIs were categorized according to international standards (BMI: 18.5–24.9 = normal weight; 25–29.9 = overweight; ≥ 30 = obesity).The distribution of participants according to their BMI reveals that 47.01% are classified as obese, 25.37% are considered overweight while 27.61% are of normal weight. 68% show signs of depression (including 6% who had severe symptoms of depression). A statistically significant correlation was revealed between depression and gender (67.67% of women versus 44% of men). And between depression and low income (76.92% of people having declared an income of less than 1,000 MAD). The relationship between BMI and depression revealed an attributable risk of 22.61%, favoring those classified as being at risk due to their weight.More studies are needed to accurately determine the link between obesity and depression, as well as the importance of this relationship for the prevention and treatment of these two health problems. Given the implications of depression, we recommend that healthcare professionals assess the risk of depression in their patients before initiating any medical treatment.