ISSN : 2663-2187

FREQUENCY AND RISK FACTORS OF RENAL COMPLICATIONS UNRELATED TO DIABETES IN TYPE-II DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS VISITING SHALAMAR HOSPITAL LAHORE, PAKISTAN

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Tahira Irshad, Najm Al-Dain Al-Sameeai, Arfa Arshad, Raffia Ameer, Labiba Hanan, Amna Hussain, Atif Munir
» doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.7.3.2025.93-119

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic with a high prevalence in Pakistan. Nephrolithiasis and renal cysts are common renal complications, with increasing prevalence with age. Aims & Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency and types of non diabetic renal complications in type-II DM patients and assess their association with age and sex. Methodology: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over nine months at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 167 type-II DM patients above 35 years were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Pregnant patients were excluded. Renal ultrasound using a digital Mindray DC 60 with a 5-1 MHz convex array transducer was performed by expert radiologists to assess renal cysts, stones, hydronephrosis, and masses. Results & Findings: The mean age of participants was 61.72±10.12 years, with a BMI of 26.63±4.53. Of the 167 patients, 52.69% were male. Renal cysts were the most frequent complication (22%), followed by renal stones (13%), hydronephrosis (11%), and renal masses (1%). Hematuria was observed in 18% of cases. Elevated blood urea and creatinine levels were found in 47% of participants. Family history analysis revealed diabetes in 47.31%, renal cysts in 22.16%, and renal stones in 21.56%. Hypertension was present in 95 patients. Conclusion: The study concludes that non-diabetic renal complications are prevalent in type-II DM patients, with renal cysts being the most common. Males are at higher risk than females.

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