wildlife has spread over urban areas and become more accustomed to human habitats, some species-like gulls and pigeons-are now commonly thought of as permanent residents in Indian and European metropolitan regions, which has a number of detrimental effects. For example, these birds have already been linked to the spread of disease to people, therefore there may be significant health implications. Humans select domestic species based on a wide range of morphological and behavioral characteristics for purposes such as meat quality, eggs, fur/plumage, companionship, competitions, and task performance. Public health may be greatly impacted by pigeon excrement in public locations, which have been found to be a source of bacterial pathogenic diseases like Salmonella, E. Coli, and Campylobacter in multiple publications.