Over the last few decades, a large number of researchers have focused on the diversification of energy sources, and particularly renewable energy sources. It has been revealed that the Balanites Aegyptiaca (desert date) plant exists in several places around the world, particularly in Asia and Africa. This tree is widely present in the south of Algeria, and more precisely in the Wilayas of Adrar, Bordj-Badji Mokhtar and Tamanrasset. For this reason, it was decided to study the possibility of using it in the production of biodiesel. In this work, biodiesel was produced from the oil of Balanites Aegyptiaca fruit. Indeed, this oil was extracted by the Soxhlet extraction method using bioethanol as a solvent. The yield obtained reached 35.45%. As for the production of biodiesel by the transesterification reaction, it consists of adding ethanol or methanol and a heterogeneous catalyst from the shell of the Balanites Aegyptiaca fruit to the extracted oil. The yield obtained in this case was equal to 92.2%. Then, the biodiesel produced was characterized in order to determine its physic chemical parameters such as the density, viscosity, refractive index, pour point and flash point. The values obtained for the characteristics of the biodiesel produced were found to be very close to those recommended by the ASTM standards