In order to boost organisational performance and encourage employee growth and happiness, training and development programmes are crucial. With a focus on Western Coalfield Limited (WCL) in the Chandrapur Area, this article delves into the importance of HRM in developing and implementing successful training and development programmes. This study delves into the methods used by WCL's human resource management team to assess the training needs of coal mining sector personnel, create individualised programmes to meet those needs, and put those plans into action. The article also delves into the effects of training and development on performance, work happiness, besides retention, along with the difficulties encountered by HRM in executing these programmes. This qualitative case study examines WCL, Chandrapur Area, and how HRM drives organisational performance via staff training and development. Interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis are all part of the research methodology. In order to optimise training and development initiatives to suit the ever-changing demands of coal mining personnel, the results provide important implications for human resource management practitioners, organisational leaders, and legislators.