Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the development of several malignancies including cervical cancer. Cervical cancer risk is increased by persistent high risk-HPV (hrHPV) infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have become recognised as significant regulators in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cervical cancer. MiRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules that play pivotal roles in controlling gene expression, and affecting several biological processes including cellular activities such as proliferation, apoptosis, and immune response. This review examines the roles of miRNAs in the development of cervical cancer associated with hrHPV. We investigate how HPV infection alters the expression pattern of miRNAs, therefore contributing to the malignant transformation of cervical epithelial cells. Moreover, the review also explores the potential of miRNAs to serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for patients with cervical cancer. The discovery of miRNA signatures associated with HPV-related cervical cancer offers promising avenues for personalised medicine and targeted therapies. As research advances, understanding the intricate relationship between miRNAs and HPV could lead to novel strategies for combating this malignancy, ultimately improving patient prognosis. This review underscores the need for further investigation into miRNA-based interventions as part of the broader effort to reduce the global burden of cervical cancer.