ISSN : 2663-2187

The Significance of the TG/HDL Ratio in Predicting Coronary Artery Disease among Younger Adults in Pakistan

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Dr Azhar Ijaz, Dr Rahat Jan Wazir, Dr Ahmad Yar, Dr Misbah Aslam, Dr Sana Javed, Dr Marifat Shah
» doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.6.15.2024.15364-15369

Abstract

Background: Coronary arteria disease CAD is currently the leading cause of mortality across the globe and is also notably prevalent in South Asian countries. In CAD which is prevalent among South Asian population, a major risk factor is dyslipidemia which is characterized by a high level of triglycerides and low concentration of HDL. The goal of this study was to determine the viability of using the triglyceridomic biomarker TG/HDL ratio as an indicator that may be associated with CAD among younger Pakistani men and women. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted over nine months with 70 participants at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology (PIC) Lahore. The participants were aged between 21 and 45 years. Group 1 was made up of 35 patients with a diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes while Group 2 had 35 age-matched healthy controls. Serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C were measured. ‘The TG/HDL cholesterol ratio was calculated’ and the data was processed using SPSS version 16.0, employing statistical techniques like Student’s t-test and odds ratio estimation. Results: The triglyceride levels of the patient group was noted to be higher at 171.34±78.8 mg/dl while the control was significantly lower at 106.66±31.3 mg/dl (pvalue 0.001). The patient group also had mean HDL-C levels of 37.37±8.1 mg/dl which was significantly lower than the mean HDL-C levels of the control group at 42.54±8.5 mg/dl (pvalue 0.01). The patient group had TG/HDL ratios which was higher at 5.02±3.3 when compared to the control group which had a TG/HDL ratio of 2.57±0.83 (pvalue 0.001). The TG/HDL ratio noted also had an odds ratio of 8.4 (95% CI: 2.6 26.7, p=0.0003) suggesting its relationship with the presence of CAD was very strong. Conclusion: ‘The TG/HDL ratio emerges to have a significant predictive value for CAD’ especially in younger Pakistani adults. Its easy measurement and robust relation with CAD make it an integral component of routine risk evaluation and management plans that would help provide timely care for this population.

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