Background: Food additives are compounds that are added to food products to give them the desired food appearance, flavor, better scent, improved texture, and quality. Tartrazine (TAZ) is one of aromatic azo compounds which is widely used as artificial food colourant. Tartrazine gives food a yellow to orange color. It is approved as a colorant by the FDA for use in food, drugs, and cosmetics. It is sometimes referred to by other names, such as E102 (EFSA-European Food Safety Authority), FD&C Yellow 5, or C.I. 19140 (Color Index International). Furthermore, synthetic food colouring compounds, such as tartrazine, have been shown to decrease mitochondrial respiration in rat liver and kidneys and alter mitochondrial membrane integrity, which is critical for sustaining mitochondrial activities and causing cellular death. As a result, tartrazine -induced embryonic deformities could be linked to an increase in apoptosis. This could be the reason for disruption of the mitochondria and inactivation of certain enzymes, which is concerned with the energy metabolism