The use of medicinal plants in primary healthcare has become popular globally, with a growing focus on their potential to address various diseases, including cancer and infections. In Yemen, traditional medicine remains a key approach for treating ailments, particularly inflammatory conditions and respiratory diseases. Inflammation, a natural defense mechanism, can become chronic, necessitating the development of effective, plant-based anti-inflammatory treatments. Yemeni herbal remedies, with their rich history and diverse plant species, have shown promise in managing lung diseases. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of Yemeni medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds in combating inflammation, particularly in the context of respiratory health. By critically analyzing existing literature, the review seeks to highlight the scientific basis for these plants' use and their potential role in developing novel, effective anti inflammatory therapies.