Urinary tract infections (UTIs) pose a significant health burden globally, necessitating effective prevention and treatment strategies. Amid rising concerns of antibiotic resistance, interest has surged in exploring alternative therapies, including medicinal plants, for their antimicrobial properties against UTI-causing pathogens. This review comprehensively examines the antimicrobial effects of five prominent medicinal plants—cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), uva-ursi (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi), horsetail (Equisetum arvense), goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis), and turmeric (Curcuma longa)—against UTI pathogens, primarily Escherichia coli. Cranberry, rich in proanthocyanidins, inhibits bacterial adhesion to urinary tract epithelial cells, potentially reducing UTI risk. Uva-ursi, containing arbutin, demonstrates bacteriostatic effects, while horsetail's diuretic and antimicrobial constituents offer therapeutic promise. Goldenseal's berberine content provides broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, and turmeric's curcumin compound exhibits antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Clinical evidence supporting the efficacy of these medicinal plants in UTI management is promising, although further research is needed to validate their benefits and optimize usage. Incorporating medicinal plants into mainstream UTI management protocols holds the potential for mitigating antibiotic resistance and improving patient outcomes. However, caution is warranted, and consultation with healthcare professionals is advised for judicious use of herbal therapies.