ISSN : 2663-2187

A Concise Overview on Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) includes Microbial agents, Predisposing factors, Antibiotic Resistance and Antibiotic Stewardship.

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DR. Harsh Vinubhai Singel, Dr Himani Bhardwaj Pandya, DR. Tanuja Javdekar
» doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.6.12.2024.2762-2772

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the second most common infectious disease affecting more than 150 million people globally annually.Most predominant cause of UTI is UropathogenicE. coli (UPEC) associated with antimicrobial resistance. Aim and Objective: To provide an insight into the current scenario of the microorganisms causing UTI, and to evaluate various risk factors with its antibiotic profile Materials and Methods: Urine sample were inoculated using a 0.001 ml calibrated loop onto sterile plate of Blood agar and Mac Conkey’s agar. After an aerobic incubation at 37˚C, the plates showing significant growth as per the Kass count (single species count of more than 105 organisms per ml of urine) were processed further. The isolates obtained were identified at a species level as well as the antimicrobial susceptibility of the strain was determined by using fully automated bacterial identification system (VITEK 2 Compact; BioMérieux, Paris, France) Result:E. coli was the major etiological agent, associated mainly with rural population (40/55), male gender, significantly associated with factors like catheterization and renal stone. 76% strains were resistant to Fosfomycin, 75% resistance to cefuroxime and 70% resistance to cefepime while 96% strains were sensitive to Tigecycline, 76% sensitive to nitrofurantoin. It was followed by Klebsiellaprimarily found in Rural males. 75% strains were resistant to Fosfomycin followed by cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and cefepime. Klebsiella was 100% sensitive to tigecycline and piperacillin+ tazobactam. Third pathogen was Enterococcus faecalis, predominant in females, associated with the presence of catheter, stone and prostate cancer. It was 100% resistant to Fosfomycin while it was 100% sensitive to tigecycline, Doxycycline, nitrofurantoin, and levofloxacin. Conclusion: Most of the UTI were complicated associated with comorbidities. Emerging resistance amongst bacterial isolates was seen. A need to strengthen stewardship programs is urgently advocated.

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