Introduction:Chronic periodontitis affects the periodontium of adult population.The assessment of bone loss in chronic periodontitis requires comprehensive clinical and radiographic examinations. Bitewing radiographs can provide vital information about the amount of alveolar bone loss.However, drawbacks of 2D imaging like superimposition and distortion can hamper diagnosis. Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has improved the diagnosis of various conditions in the maxillofacial region with its superior diagnostic ability. Aim: The aim of our study was to compare the accuracy, reliability, and diagnostic abilities of standard resolution CBCT and intra-oral Digital Bitewings in the assessment of periodontal defects compared to physical measures. Materials and methods: Different patterns and sizes were created on eight dry human skulls simulating periodontal defects. The created defects were scanned with standard resolution CBCT and intraoral digital bitewing to compare reliability, diagnostic accuracy, and detectability of both protocols. Results:Standard resolution CBCT and digital intraoral bitewing showed statistically higher values compared to the physical measurements regarding smaller-sized intra-bony defects (1-2 mm) and a non-significant difference in larger-sized defects (3-4 mm), when compared to the gold standard (p<0.05). Additionally, bitewings were unable to detect dehiscence and fenestration.Conclusion: When investigating large interproximal defects, standard resolution CBCT and bitewing radiographs can show similar results in terms of accuracy and detectability. When surface defects are expected, CBCT is recommended as the diagnostic modality of choice. Nevertheless, CBCT should not be the primary imaging technique of choice for periodontal evaluation.