AIM: In this study, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were used to assess the antidiabetic efficacy of isolated compounds from the roots of Aerva lanata Linn. (IAL) and the rhizomes of Curcuma caesia Roxb. (ICC). Materials and Methods: Standard procedures were used to estimate biochemical parameters such as body weight, OGTT, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL (VLDL and LDL), total protein, albumin, ACP, ALP, SGPT, and SGOT. The concentrations of IAL and ICC (5 mg/kg b.w., p.o.) and the combination of IAL + ICC (5 mg/kg b.w., p.o.) were administered orally. Results and Discussion: The findings pertaining to antidiabetic actions reveal significant changes in physiological and biochemical indices. When compared to the standard drug glibenclamide at a dose of 500 μg/kg, the combination dose of 5 mg/kg of Aerva lanata Linn. (IAL) and Curcuma caesia Roxb. (ICC) showed a progressive decrease in body weight, blood glucose level, triglycerides, HDL, total protein, albumin, ACP, ALP, and SGPT and SGOT levels. The results of the study show that dosing the STZ-induced diabetic rats with IAL + ICC separately at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight resulted in a significant increase in cholesterol levels and a significant drop in total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels.