Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent condition in India, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of DM that can lead to vision loss if not detected and managed early. Despite available screening and treatment options, awareness of DR screening among diabetics remains a concern, particularly in regions with diverse socioeconomic backgrounds like Tamil Nadu. Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of Diabetic Retinopathy screening among diabetics at a tertiary care center in Tamil Nadu, India. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months, enrolling 380 diabetics aged 18 years and above receiving treatment at the tertiary care center. Data were collected using a questionnaire, and participants were screened for DR in the ophthalmology department. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Results: The study revealed that 36.3% of participants were aware of DR screening, indicating a significant knowledge gap. Factors such as gender, educational status, co-morbidities, duration of diabetes, regular checkups, and diabetic control were associated with awareness levels. Females, illiterate individuals, those with longer diabetes duration, poor diabetic control, and without regular checkups exhibited lower awareness. Conclusion: The study highlighted disparities in DR screening awareness among diabetics in Tamil Nadu. Targeted educational interventions focusing on vulnerable populations identified in the study are crucial to improve awareness and promote early DR detection.