Desmidiales are influenced by the physicochemical quality of the waters of the estuary mangroves which are very sensitive and increasingly threatened ecosystems. This study analyzed the waters of the mangroves of the Cameroon estuary and evaluated the influence of the abiotic factors on the diversity and dynamics of Desmidiales. Samples for physicochemical and biological analysis were collected monthly in 9 stations over a period from November 2019 to November 2020 according to standard methods