There are civil remedies for assault; Damages can be sought for psychological harm, and the victim may use force in self-defence. A victim of an intentional tort who uses force in self-defence, and then has a counterclaim brought against him, may use his initial tort as a mitigating factor. A tort which has been pleaded as a defence by a person accused of a criminal offense will be in issue estoppel in subsequent civil proceedings, meaning that if the defendant loses his criminal case, he will automatically lose the tort. A victim of a criminal offense which does not constitute a tort will find that there is no special provision for Moral Damage, and that it may even be impossible to bring an action in tort.