ISSN : 2663-2187

Classification on the Basis of Physicochemical Properties of Ground Water of Majha Region of Punjab, India

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Y. Kumar1, N. Munjal1, U. Kamboj1
» doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.5.2024. 2406-2418

Abstract

Groundwater plays an important role in our daily life and it is very precious natural resource. Water is getting contaminated due to various anthropogenic and geogenic activities. For checking the issue of contamination in Majha region of Punjab, India, (four districts fall in this region which are Amritsar, Taran taran, Gurdaspur, Pathankot), 56 ground water samples were collected from hand pumps and submersible pumps, and these were examined for their pH value, total dissolved solids (TDS), Chlorine content (Cl), turbidity, total hardness (TH) and electrical conductivity (EC). The mean values obtained for pH, TDS, Cl, Turbidity, TH, EC, respectively are 7.3713, 534.4143 mg/L, 59.9125 mg/L, 0.50 NTU, 229.3214 mg/L, 824.0714 μS/cm. The standard deviation for the pH values is least among all the quality parameters with a value of 0.5875 and the electrical conductivity shows maximum variation with a standard deviation of 329.6654 μS/cm. The other parameters TDS, TH, Cl, Turbidity have standard deviation values as 214.3521 mg/L, 90.3038 mg/L, 26.2141 mg/L, 1.0617 NTU respectively. For obtaining in-depth information from physicochemical data, Correlation and regression analysis was also done. Furthermore, Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to classify on the physicochemical basis of districts, depth range and groundwater source.

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