ISSN : 2663-2187

Comparative Anticancer Activity of Pelargonium graveolens Extracts: Soxhlet vs.Maceration methods against HeLa cells

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Saraswathi Jaggali, Swathi, Roja Rani Anupalli
» doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.9.2024.4325-4340

Abstract

Pelargonium graveolens L’Her. (Geranium) is a well known medicinal plant in South Africa that has been used for a long time as a traditional medicine. Pelargonium graveolens leaves yield aromatic volatile and nonvolatile essential oils which have high market value and whose nonvolatile compounds that have not yet been studied for use against cervical cancer cell lines. Here, we investigated the anticancer properties of organic extracts (ethyl acetate and methanol) prepared through the conventional Soxhlet (SOX) and Maceration (Mac) extraction methods against HeLa cells. Furthermore, spectrophotometer analysis via FTIR showed the presence of organic nonvolatile compounds in the dry leaf powder and which was confirmed through presence of functional groups. However, HPLC and NMR spectral analysis of the organic extracts of P.graveolens (SOX and Mac) revealed the presence of secondary metabolites. We observed that HPLC spectral analysis of the ethyl acetate (SOX) extract revealed the presence of phenolic compounds at different retention times tR ~28.39 min, tR ~29.02 min, tR ~ 30.96 min, tR ~34.79 min, tR ~43.93 min, and tR ~ 63.1 min compared with those of the methanol extract. Moreover, H1 NMR spectral analysis of the ethyl acetate (SOX) extract confirmed¬¬ the presence of hydrogen and this SOX extract of ethyl acetate significantly promoted the antiproliferative activity of the extract in HeLa cells. The most sig¬¬¬¬¬¬¬nificant inhibition was measured by the IC50 values of the ethyl acetate (SOX) extract, which were 149.4+0.3 ug/mL and (Mac) 131.9 ±0.3 µg/mL This study provides evidence that P. graveolens organic extracts are promising potential compounds with significant antioxidant and anticancer effects against cervical cancer that suppress tumor growth.

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