Background: Sleep is a crucial aspect of health, significantly influencing both physical and mental well-being. Nurses, due to their demanding work schedules, often experience sleep deprivation and insomnia, with prevalence rates ranging from 30 to 60%, much higher than the general population's 10-15%. Various strategies to improve sleep quality among nurses have been explored, with sleep hygiene education emerging as a promising approach. However, its effectiveness compared to standard clinical practices remains unclear. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sleep hygiene education versus standard clinical practices in enhancing sleep quality among nurses. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital. Sixty registered nurses experiencing sleep difficulties were recruited and randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group received structured sessions on sleep hygiene practices, while the control group continued with standard work practices. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) before and after a 1-month intervention period. Data were analyzed using SPSS23. Results: The intervention group showed a significant decrease in both PSQI and ISI scores post-intervention (Mean PSQI: 8.2 to 6.1; Mean ISI: 16.3 to 13.5) with a p-value < 0.001, indicating improved sleep quality and reduced insomnia severity. The control group showed no significant changes in PSQI or ISI scores (Mean PSQI: 8.1 to 7.9; Mean ISI: 16.2 to 16.0) with a p-value of 0.215. Demographic characteristics, including age, gender distribution, years of experience, and shift type distribution, were similar between the groups. Conclusion: Sleep hygiene education significantly improves sleep quality and reduces insomnia severity among nurses compared to standard clinical practices. These findings suggest that implementing sleep hygiene education in healthcare settings can enhance nurses' well-being, ultimately leading to better patient care and safety.