The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and nanoparticle delivery systems holds great promise in revolutionizing cancer therapy, particularly in enhancing the efficacy of curcumin-based treatments. This review explores the current challenges in cancer therapy, highlighting the resistance to traditional chemotherapy, lack of selectivity, and the need for innovative targeted therapies. We discuss curcumin's potential as an anti-cancer agent, its pharmacological properties, evidence of anticancer effects in preclinical studies, and limitations in bioavailability and delivery. Additionally, we delve into nanoparticle delivery systems, covering types of nanoparticles, advantages, and examples of formulations for curcumin delivery. Furthermore, we examine the integration of AI algorithms with nanoparticle design, predictive modeling for optimizing drug delivery parameters, and present case studies demonstrating AI-driven nanoparticle optimization for curcumin delivery. Finally, we discuss future perspectives, including opportunities for further research and development, regulatory considerations, and ethical implications of AI in cancer therapy. This comprehensive review underscores the transformative potential of AI-driven nanoparticle delivery systems in enhancing curcumin's efficacy for targeted cancer therapy, while also addressing the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in this exciting field.