Background: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a debilitating condition characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function, necessitating renal replacement therapies such as hemodialysis (HD). Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of HD in improving serum levels of creatinine, uric acid, urea, and electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride) in CRF patients and investigate gender related differences in treatment outcomes. Me thods: A total of 40 CRF patients (20 males and 20 females) aged 18 65 years, undergoing HD at a dialysis center in Zliten, Libya, were included in the study. Patients were divided into four groups: pre dialysis males, post dialysis males, pre dialysis fem ales, and post dialysis females. Serum samples were analyzed for creatinine, uric acid, urea, sodium, potassium, and chloride levels using standard laboratory methods. Results: HD significantly reduced serum levels of creatinine (62.58% in males, 66.04% in females), uric acid (73.23% in males, 75.14% in females), urea (69.76% in males, 74.53% in females), and potassium (30.76% in males, 34.27% in females). No significant gender related differences were observed in treatment response for these parameters. How ever, s erum sodium levels were not significantly affected in male patients but showed a slight reduction (1.63%) in female patients after HD. Serum chloride levels remained unaffected by HD in both genders. No significant changes were observed in blood hem oglobin percentage after HD. Conclusion: HD effectively reduces serum levels of creatinine, uric acid, urea, and potassium, while maintaining electrolyte balance in CRF patients. Gender did not significantly impact treatment outcomes