Uncontrolled cell proliferation characterizes cancer, driven by abnormal gene expression intricately linked to cell cycle dysregulation. Algeria has witnessed a significant escalation in cancer incidence and mortality rates, with 32,802 deaths recorded in 2020. This surge is largely attributed to prevalent risk factors such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, coupled with inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, all major contributors to upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers. Additionally, viral factors, notably Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), play significant roles in UADT cancer etiology. This category encompasses tumors affecting the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, primarily characterized by epidermoid histological features. Thisstudy represents a comprehensive statistical analysis of UADT cancer patients in western Algeria utilizing SPSS software, over the period spanning 2012 to 2019, whereas a total of 1,124 cases of UADT cancer were documented in western Algeria, peaking notably in 2017.The larynx emerged as the most frequently affected site, comprising 60.3% of recorded cases. Males exhibited a higher susceptibility, constituting 75% of the affected population, with the age group ≤60 demonstrating the highest representation. This recent epidemiological investigation holds significant implications for clinical practice and preventive healthcare strategies aimed at addressing the burden of UADT cancer.