Ethnobotany, the study of traditional plant use by indigenous cultures, provides valuable insights into medicinal applications that have stood the test of time. This review delves into the ethnobotanical practices surrounding plants used for brain health, juxtaposing traditional wisdom with modern scientific applications. Understanding brain health and addressing neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and cognitive decline is of paramount importance. Traditional knowledge from various cultures, including Indigenous practices, Ayurvedic medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), African traditional medicine, and Native American practices, reveals a rich repository of plant-based remedies. Key plants like Ginkgo biloba, Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi), Panax ginseng, Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), and Huperzia serrata have been traditionally used for their brain-enhancing properties.