Pre-diabetes and diabetes are becoming more common in China, which presents a serious public health concern. A key factor in the onset treatment of many disorders is dietary practices. A lifestyle change can prevent type 2 diabetes, which is more likely to occur in those with pre-diabetes. If diabetes is not treated, it can lead to fatal health problems. The objectives were to assess the level of diabetes and pre-diabetes investigate the risk factors associated with these diseases. For this study, the diabetes outcomes for China from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) were anticipated. All Chinese provinces' population sizes were retrieved, together with data on age, and sex from 2010 to 2023. According to preliminary research, a high intake of processed foods, sugar-filled drinks, and refined carbs is common among Chinese people who have pre-diabetes and diabetes. In contrast, it appears that this group does not consume enough fruits, vegetables, or meals high in fiber, which raises the risk of illness and results in poor glycemic control. The discovery of these dietary risk variables offers important new information for the development of focused nutritional education and intervention programs that encourage the adoption of healthy lifestyle choices and eating habits in Chinese citizens who are either at risk for or diagnosed with pre-diabetes and diabetes. In summary, addressing dietary risk factors through community-based, culturally relevant interventions can be crucial to managing and preventing pre-diabetes and diabetes in China, which will eventually lead to better public health outcomes and a lower cost of healthcare.