ISSN : 2663-2187

Isolation, Characterization, and Evaluation of the MIC and Antibiotic Resistance of Heavy Metal-Resistant Bacteria (Copper, Lead & Zinc) From a Municipal Dumping Site in Guwahati

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Satyakam Agarwala, Arijit Bora, Ankita Kalita, Srijana
» doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.6.2024.9404-9418

Abstract

Urbanization and industrial development have led to the dumping of solid Municipal wastes releasing many toxic, mutagenic and non-biodegradable heavy metals into the environment either directly or indirectly, contributing to environmental pollution. Their spread and accumulation have proved to be hazardous and dangerous to living organisms. Microbes have evolved ways to absorb and accumulate these metals, thereby contributing to its remediation. Municipal dumping site at Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, was selected as the study site. The current investigation aimed at isolation and characterization of the indigenous microbes and their antimicrobial susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration was also assessed. Four isolates were identified to their genus level based on their morphological and biochemical characters as Bacillus sp., and Lysinibacillus sp against Copper, Lead, and Zinc. Molecular characterization based on 16S rDNA analysis identified the isolates as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus paramycoides, and Bacillus velezensis, all showed varying level of MIC against the metals. Bacillus paramycoides showed MIC for Pb at 900 ppm, Bacillus cereus for Zn at 500 ppm, whereas Bacillus toyonensis showed moderate tolerance for Cu at 300 ppm respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates showed resistance towards Ampicillin and Penicillin G and a varying susceptibility towards chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Azithromycin, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Streptomycin. All the isolates showed optimum growth for heavy metals at 35°C and a pH between 6.0– 7.5. Heavy metals tolerance might be plasmid mediated, which can be utilised as a tool for plasmid transformation transferring heavy metal accumulation potential, thereby, offering a viable method for bioremediation of contaminated soil.

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