Light microscopy and electron microscopy were conducted with the objective of assessing thermal effects on prostatic tissue after monopolar and bipolar Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP). Methods: This pilot study was conducted at the Department of General Surgery and Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow. Light microscopic study of prostatic tissue was conducted with the objective of assessing any differences in the thermal changes between Monopolar TURP and Bipolar TURP prostatic specimens, with additional observations of a few cases under electron microscopy. Results: No significant difference in the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) was observed postoperatively in both groups. On light microscopy, cytological atypia and coagulation artefacts with a score of 2 were observed in the specimens of monopolar TURP. Cytological atypia, basement membrane detachment, and cellular spindling with an artefact score of 3 were observed in bipolar TURP. Upon comparing the slides of prostate specimens under electron microscopy, coagulation defects were pronounced in both groups. Conclusion: On light microscopy, in monopolar TURP, cytological atypia and coagulation artefacts were observed with a score of 2, which was more pronounced in Bipolar TURP, i.e., cytological atypia, basement membrane detachment, and cellular spindling with an artefact score of 3. In electron microscopy, coagulation defects are more pronounced and the field of view is smaller compared to light microscopy, so the results are not validated.