The worldwide health community faces a serious challenge from antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which undermines the efficacy of therapies for diseases brought on by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The mechanisms of microbial resistance, including as genetic mutations, horizontal gene transfer, the synthesis of enzymes, target alteration, and efflux pumps, are examined in this article. Examined are the elements that have contributed to the spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), including environmental contamination, insufficient infection control procedures, and the overuse and misuse of antibiotics in agricultural and human health. AMR has significant negative clinical and financial effects, including higher rates of morbidity and mortality, longer hospital stays, and significant increases in healthcare expenses. The development of novel antibiotics, antibiotic stewardship initiatives, infection control protocols, and alternative medicines like phage therapy and immune modulators are some of the mitigation techniques that are covered. International cooperation and global initiatives, especially those headed by the World Health Organisation (WHO), are emphasised for their importance in battling antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A coordinated, multi-sectoral strategy, ongoing funding for research and innovation, and strong regulations to guarantee the prudent use of antibiotics are all necessary to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We can create practical plans to preserve the effectiveness of antibiotic therapies and defend world health by comprehending and addressing the complex nature of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).