Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is still the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children between the ages of 28 days and 5 years. It affects children globally and puts their health at considerable danger in addition to placing a costly burden on healthcare systems. About 28% of serious congenital defects are caused by congenital heart disease (CHD), which is a significant worldwide health issue. Numerous earlier investigations have demonstrated that CHD is thought to be an underlying cause of children's recurrent pneumonia. Numerous studies indicate that changes have occurred in the epidemiology and treatment of pneumonia, as well as in the prevalence of bacteremia among hospitalised children with community-acquired pneumonia. We provided an overview of the risk factors, aetiology, complications, and therapy of pneumonia.