The land diversity has been increasingly endangered due to alterations in land use and climatic patterns. This study examines the anticipated effects of changes in climate and land usage on the variety of plants in the Tawang and Lower Subansiri districts of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The research region is characterized by an elevation range of 1900 to 5500 meters above sea level, and it is currently facing risks from the transformation of natural forests and insufficient land management. We collected field survey data from three villages in both districts for the years 2020 to 2022. Climate change consequences are evaluated by taking local knowledge and evaluating the experiences of various age cohorts. The findings indicate a decrease in the degree of forested areas and notable changes in the composition of tree, shrub, and herbaceous species within the examined regions. Local perspectives of climate change encompass observations of altered precipitation patterns, rising temperatures, variations in harvesting seasons, and modifications in water availability. It requires the implementation of location-specific strategies to effectively address the impacts of climate change, especially in remote areas and highlights the urgent requirement to adopt sustainable practices for the welfare of local communities.