Livestock farming plays an important role in the agricultural system and in the social life of the population, that pastoralism is both a production activity and a way of life that can be understood as an occupation resulting from a true vocation (Baxter, 1994). The present study consists in measuring the importance of pastoral breeding and their evolution in the wilaya of Naâma, through the data provided by the various administrative agencies of this region. With the population growth and the agro-pastoral mode that follows this wilaya, a large number of pastoralists have gradually settled down which has greatly contributed to worsening the degradation of the pastures. This study has highlighted that the livestock farming system adopted is of an extensive type, based essentially on the use of natural range resources which are rich in forage species. The surveys was carried out showed that the numbers represented on the distribution maps of the livestock herds in the 12 communes of the wilaya of Naama, have experienced a strong increase in recent years, where sheep farming occupies the first place. In order to preserve agropastoral livestock in the Algerian steppe, the participatory development and implementation of programmes and projects to protect, enhance and better manage pastoral resources.