ISSN : 2663-2187

The Alteration Of TNF-Α, MMP-9, And E-Selectin Expression In BALB/C Mice As A Model Of Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension Induced By Salted Fish Extract And NaCl

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Novi Anggraeni, Agus Sulistyono, Gwenny Ichsan Prabowo, Aditiawarman
» doi: 10.33472/AFJBS.6.1.2024.171-183

Abstract

Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a unique condition characterized by elevated blood pressure and proteinuria that typically resolves after delivery. It affects approximately 5 to 8% of pregnancies. Pregnancy carries the risk of increased proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-8, which can contribute to an inflammatory response through NF-kB activation, and changes in matrix metallopeptidase gene polymorphism via placental ischemia processes. E-selectin concentration has been reported to increase in patients with chronic hypertension due to endothelial dysfunction. MMP-9 is constitutively present in neutrophils, where an imbalanced level of MMP-9 can disrupt physiological trophoblast invasion processes. Objective: To demonstrate changes in the expression of MMP-9, TNF-α, and E-selectin exposed to salted fish extract and NaCl as a model of pregnancy-induced hypertension in BALB/c mice. Method: True experimental with a Post Test only with control group design. The research subjects were BALB/c mice at 1-day gestation age impregnated using the estrus synchronization technique. Data analysis was conducted using the non-parametric KruskalWalls test and parametric one-way ANOVA with SPSS 22 software. Results: There was a significant difference between the control group and the treatment group in the expression of TNF-α, E-selectin, and MMP-9 (p=0.000). Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the expression changes of TNF-α, E-selectin, and MMP-9 following the administration of salted fish extract and NaCl in BALB/c mice as a model of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

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