This study aimed to assess HDL cholesterol levels, identify specific lipid markers altered in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and evaluate the correlation between HbA1C and HDL cholesterol. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six volunteers aged 35-72 with confirmed T2DM underwent HDL cholesterol and HbA1c testing using the COBAS INTEGRA 400 PLUS device. Data on age, gender, diabetes status, and lipid profiles were collected in November 2023 to April 2024 from Layla Qasim Health Center located in Erbil, Iraq and then analyzed. Results: The study found no statistically significant correlations between HbA1c levels and HDL cholesterol measures in the studied population. Dyslipidemia, characterized by reduced HDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia, was prevalent among T2DM patients, particularly those with poorly controlled diabetes. The mean HbA1c level was higher in females, suggesting a potential association with dyslipidemia. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is a common complication in T2DM, with reduced HDL cholesterol and elevated triglycerides being key abnormalities. These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive lipid profiling and glycemic control in managing T2DM and mitigating associated cardiovascular risks. Early detection and treatment of dyslipidemia are crucial for preventing cardiovascular complications in T2DM patients. Further research is needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms and optimize therapeutic strategies.