ISSN : 2663-2187

To assess the levels of serum LDH and Gamma GT as biochemical markers in patients with breast cancer

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Dr. Shashi Kant Verma, Dr. Lakbir Singh, Dr. Mona Saxena
» doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.6.12.2024.1-6

Abstract

Aim: To assess the levels of serum LDH and Gamma GT as biochemical markers in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Total 100 subjects were included in this study, which was categorized into two groups cases and controls(50 cases and 50 controls).The present study was undertaken to determine biochemical changes in 50 carcinoma breast cases and 50 control patients. These values are compared with age and sex matched 50 healthy controls. All patients who were recently diagnosed as carcinoma breast clinically and histopathologically confirmed were included in this study. Basic demographic parameter and LDH(U/L), GGT(IU/L), ALP(IU/L), Total Protein(g/dl), Albumin(g/dl), Globulin(g/dl), SGOT(U/L) and SGPT(U/L) were studied and compared. Results: Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were notably elevated in carcinoma breast cases (245.45 ± 30.38 U/L) compared to healthy controls (220.45 ± 25.27 U/L), demonstrating a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001). Similarly, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels were higher in carcinoma breast cases (40.12 ± 5.78 IU/L) than in healthy controls (35.87 ± 4.67 IU/L), also showing statistical significance (p = 0.01). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels followed a similar pattern, being significantly elevated in carcinoma breast cases (75.56 ± 10.67 IU/L) compared to healthy controls (70.46 ± 8.78 IU/L) (p = 0.04). In contrast, while there was a trend towards lower total protein levels in carcinoma breast cases (7.12 ± 0.66 g/dL) compared to healthy controls (7.25 ± 0.46 g/dL), this difference did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.10). Conversely, albumin levels were significantly lower in carcinoma breast cases (4.03 ± 0.44 g/dL) compared to healthy controls (4.26 ± 0.24 g/dL) (p = 0.02), suggesting potential alterations in protein metabolism associated with the disease. Conclusion: These findings collectively suggest that carcinoma breast is associated with distinct alterations in biochemical parameters, including heightened LDH, GGT, and ALP levels, as well as reduced albumin levels, reflecting potential metabolic and physiological changes in patients with this condition.

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