ISSN : 2663-2187

Treatment modalities of ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital

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Dr Asish Bhuyan , Dr Mahija Sahu , Dr Ananya Dash
ยป doi: 10.48047/AFJBS.6.15.2024.10793-10804

Abstract

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. This condition, in which a fertilised egg implants outside the uterine cavity, necessitates prompt diagnosis and treatment to avoid life-threatening complications. The incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, management strategies, and outcomes of ectopic pregnancies can vary greatly depending on demographic data, which consider clinical, and healthcare factors. Aim: This research aims to investigate the clinical appearance, related risks, methods of management, and results of patients who have ectopic pregnancy. Methods: Over the course of two years, a prospective observational study was conducted on 180 patients who had been diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy. Detailed patient histories, including demographics, risk factors, clinical presentations, and prior surgical or obstetric histories, were gathered. Patients were treated medically or surgically based on their condition. Statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel and SPSS Version 21.0, with statistical significance determined using the Student's t-test and Chi-square test. Results: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy was 1.17%, with the highest prevalence among women aged 26-30 years. Most patients (41.6%) had hemoglobin levels between 7-9.9 gm%. Ampullary tubal pregnancy was the most common site of implantation (85%), and 81.1% of cases were ruptured. Unilateral salpingectomy was the most common surgical procedure (88.3%). Blood transfusion was required in 53.8% of cases, with a mortality rate of 1.6%. Conclusion: Ectopic pregnancy remains a significant health concern with significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and management are critical for improving patient outcomes. Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment option, especially for ruptures. Recommendations: Strengthening antenatal care, early ultrasound screening, and awareness about ectopic pregnancy risk factors among healthcare providers and patients are recommended to decrease the morbidity and mortality caused by ectopic pregnancies.

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