Plastics play indispensable role in our life. It is one of the most widely used products owing good tensile strength, lightness, resistance to water and multipurpose usage. Plastics being recalcitrant to degradation take decades to be degraded on its own. Its accumulation is an inevitable threat to the environment and mankind. Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental concerns of our time. The ever-increasing production and consumption of plastics have led to a significant accumulation of plastic waste in various ecosystems, posing severe threats to wildlife, human health, and the overall health of the planet. In recent years, extensive research has been dedicated to understanding plastic degradation mechanisms and developing sustainable solutions to address this global crisis. Microbial plastic degradation is an effective remediation method, where desired strains of organism are involved where they adopt a series of mechanisms to convert the toxic, recalcitrant, polymers into simpler, non-toxic monomers. This, inturn, paves way for bio mineralization and assimilation in soil leading to increased soil fertility. This review paper provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges associated with plastic degradation, explores the various degradation mechanisms, and discusses promising future perspectives for mitigating plastic pollution. Also itanalyses the recent knowledge about biodegradation of artificially synthesized plastics and the mechanism in which it happens by certain bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes are clearly explained.