Background: Denture stomatitis (DS) is a common inflammatory condition in denture wearers, frequently linked to the overgrowth of Candida albicans. Poor denture fit and reduced salivary flow are thought to contribute to the development of DS. This study aims to investigate the relationship between clinical signs of DS, assessed by the Newton Classification and denture fit using the Kapur Index, and the extent of Candida colonization. The study also examines the association of salivary flow rates and xerostomia with Candida overgrowth in patients with DS. Methods: Forty patients with DS, aged 40 to 70 years, were recruited for a crosssectional study. Clinical assessment of DS severity was done using the Newton Classification, and denture fit was evaluated using the Kapur Index. Exfoliative cytology samples were taken from the mucosal tissues, saliva, and denture surfaces to evaluate Candida colonization. Salivary flow rates were measured, and xerostomic symptoms were documented. Data were statistically analyzed using chi-square tests and Pearson correlation, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results: The study found that 60% of patients had severe DS (Newton Class III), with a statistically significant correlation between poor denture fit and higher levels of Candida colonization (p = 0.02). Xerostomic patients with low salivary flow exhibited higher levels of Candida colonization, significantly contributing to DS severity (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Poor denture fit and reduced salivary flow were associated with increased Candida colonization and greater severity of DS. Effective management of DS requires regular denture assessments and addressing xerostomia to control Candida overgrowth and inflammation.