Ferula communis of the apiaceae family is renowned for its richness in secondary metabolites, reputed for their biological activities is widely used in medicine for the treatment of many diseases, the objective of our study is the extraction by hydrodistillation of the essential oils of the aerial part of F.communis harvested during two vegetative stage before flower (F1) and in full flowering (F2), both oils were analyzed by GC-MS followed by the study the anti- peoliferative activity on line C6 (rat brain tumor) with the ELISA test assay and the xCELLigence test (RTCA) against HeLa cell lines, The results showed that the percentage of essential oil of the F1 is 99.99% with majoritarian compounds the β-Cubebene with a percentages of 18.33% followed with the β-cadinene at a rate of 12.56 % whereas the rate of the plant essential oil in full flowering (F2) is 99.88 % with the majority compound the phytol ( 27.67%) followed by the 3.4,4a,5-Tetrahydrobenzo[gisoquinolin-10(2H)-one (15, 38%) following Naphthalene, 1.3-dimethyl- (11,56%) The anti-proliferative activity is proportionate to the concentration in essential oil, the F1 vegetative stage records the best antiproliferative activity against the HeLa line than the F2 (full flower) at different concentrations, while against the C6 line it is the F2 that records a high activity and remains higher than that of the standard the 5-FU